Features of ADHD

The ADHD Brain

ADHD is associated with lower levels and utility of the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline. Dopamine is closely associated with reward, motivation, emotional regulation, memory, and learning.

We all naturally need dopamine – especially when engaged in tasks that require sustained concentration. When we understand the role of dopamine in the brain, then we can understand why children and young people with ADHD can be highly distractible, constantly seeking new stimuli and experiences and presenting with difficulties with activities that they are not particularly interested in.

Difficulties with Attention

• Careless mistakes and lack of attention to detail
• Continually starting new tasks before finishing old ones
• Poor organisational and time management skills
• Inability to focus; zoning out in conversations and finding it hard to listen
• Struggling to follow instructions
• Continually losing or misplacing things
• Forgetfulness
• Easily distracted from tasks
• Procrastinating particularly with tasks requiring sustained effort
  

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Symptoms of ADHD



(Attention-Deficit  Hyperactivity Disorder)

Common signs of ADHD in adults

ADHD symptoms can affect attention, activity levels, communication, and everyday routines. They may show up differently from person to person and can vary in intensity.

Adults with ADHD may experience challenges such as:

• Fidgeting with hands or feet, squirming in a chair, or finding it difficult to stay seated
• Inner restlessness and a persistent need to move around
• Becoming easily bored, even during tasks or activities that require focus
• Constantly rushing around or feeling driven to stay active

ADHD can also affect communication and relationships. Common challenges include:

• Difficulty keeping quiet in situations where it is expected
• Blurting out responses before others have finished speaking
• Poor social timing when talking with others
• Frequently interrupting conversations
• Difficulty waiting for your turn
• Difficulty maintaining relationships because of impulsive behaviours, communication challenges, or inconsistency in attention
• These experiences can affect work, education, daily responsibilities, and personal relationships, although symptoms can vary widely between individuals.

Emotional regulation difficulties in children

Children with ADHD may also experience difficulties managing emotions. Common signs can include:

• Emotional responses that seem out of proportion to the situation
• Struggling to calm down after becoming upset
• Low tolerance for frustration
• Feeling overwhelmed by emotions
• Difficulty controlling anger

These experiences can affect school, friendships, and day-to-day interactions, and may vary from child to child.